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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

Prophets Zakariyyā and Yaḥyā

19:1

كٓهيعٓصٓ ۝١

Kāf Ha Ya ‘Ayn Ṣād.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:2

ذِكْرُ رَحْمَتِ رَبِّكَ عَبْدَهُۥ زَكَرِيَّآ ۝٢

This is an account of the mercy of your Lord upon His servant, Zakariyyah,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:3

إِذْ نَادَىٰ رَبَّهُۥ نِدَآءً خَفِيًّۭا ۝٣

when he prayed privately to His Lord in a low voice.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:4

قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّى وَهَنَ ٱلْعَظْمُ مِنِّى وَٱشْتَعَلَ ٱلرَّأْسُ شَيْبًۭا وَلَمْ أَكُنۢ بِدُعَآئِكَ رَبِّ شَقِيًّۭا ۝٤

He said: My Lord! my bones have become feeble, and my head is glistening with white hair, but I have never been disappointed, my Lord, in praying to You.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:5

وَإِنِّى خِفْتُ ٱلْمَوَٰلِىَ مِن وَرَآءِى وَكَانَتِ ٱمْرَأَتِى عَاقِرًۭا فَهَبْ لِى مِن لَّدُنكَ وَلِيًّۭا ۝٥

Since I have no child of my own, I fear that my cousins will inherit me after me, more so since my wife is barren. Therefore, grant me from Thee an heirS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:6

يَرِثُنِى وَيَرِثُ مِنْ ءَالِ يَعْقُوبَ ۖ وَٱجْعَلْهُ رَبِّ رَضِيًّۭا ۝٦

who shall inherit me and inherit the family of Ya‘qūb; and, O my Lord, make him pleasant in his beliefs and character.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:7

يَٰزَكَرِيَّآ إِنَّا نُبَشِّرُكَ بِغُلَٰمٍ ٱسْمُهُۥ يَحْيَىٰ لَمْ نَجْعَل لَّهُۥ مِن قَبْلُ سَمِيًّۭا ۝٧

Allãh said, “O Zakariyyah! We give you good news of a boy whose name shall be Yaḥya— and We have not made his namesake before.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:8

قَالَ رَبِّ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لِى غُلَٰمٌۭ وَكَانَتِ ٱمْرَأَتِى عَاقِرًۭا وَقَدْ بَلَغْتُ مِنَ ٱلْكِبَرِ عِتِيًّۭا ۝٨

When Zakariyyah heard this good news, he was naturally astonished and said, “My Lord, how can I have a son while my wife is barren, and I have already reached the advanced age?!"S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:9

قَالَ كَذَٰلِكَ قَالَ رَبُّكَ هُوَ عَلَىَّ هَيِّنٌۭ وَقَدْ خَلَقْتُكَ مِن قَبْلُ وَلَمْ تَكُ شَئًْۭا ۝٩

Allãh said, “So shall it be.” Your Lord said, “It is easy for me. Do not you see that I created you aforetime when you were nothing?!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:10

قَالَ رَبِّ ٱجْعَل لِّىٓ ءَايَةًۭ ۚ قَالَ ءَايَتُكَ أَلَّا تُكَلِّمَ ٱلنَّاسَ ثَلَٰثَ لَيَالٍۢ سَوِيًّۭا ۝١٠

Zakariyyah said, “My Lord, appoint a sign for me.” Allãh said, “Your sign is that you shall not speak to the people for three nights although you shall be in good health.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:11

فَخَرَجَ عَلَىٰ قَوْمِهِۦ مِنَ ٱلْمِحْرَابِ فَأَوْحَىٰٓ إِلَيْهِمْ أَن سَبِّحُوا۟ بُكْرَةًۭ وَعَشِيًّۭا ۝١١

So Zakariyyah came out of the sanctuary to his people and indicated to them, by signs, that they should glorify their Lord at dawn and in the evening.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:12

يَٰيَحْيَىٰ خُذِ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ بِقُوَّةٍۢ ۖ وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُ ٱلْحُكْمَ صَبِيًّۭا ۝١٢

After Yaḥya was born, Allãh included him among his most chosen servants. He said, “O Yaḥya! Hold on to the Book with strength.” And We gave him wisdom while he was still a child,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:13

وَحَنَانًۭا مِّن لَّدُنَّا وَزَكَوٰةًۭ ۖ وَكَانَ تَقِيًّۭا ۝١٣

and also a tenderness from Us and purity. He feared displeasing GodS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:14

وَبَرًّۢا بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُن جَبَّارًا عَصِيًّۭا ۝١٤

and was affectionate to his parents, and he was not arrogant and obstinate towards others.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:15

وَسَلَٰمٌ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ وُلِدَ وَيَوْمَ يَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ يُبْعَثُ حَيًّۭا ۝١٥

Therefore, peace be upon him on the day he was born, and the day he shall die, and the day he shall be raised to life.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Birth of ‘Īsa (Jesus)

19:16

وَٱذْكُرْ فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مَرْيَمَ إِذِ ٱنتَبَذَتْ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا مَكَانًۭا شَرْقِيًّۭا ۝١٦

Remember the story of Maryam in this Book: when she withdrew from her people to a place on the east of the city—S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:17

فَٱتَّخَذَتْ مِن دُونِهِمْ حِجَابًۭا فَأَرْسَلْنَآ إِلَيْهَا رُوحَنَا فَتَمَثَّلَ لَهَا بَشَرًۭا سَوِيًّۭا ۝١٧

thus she virtually screened herself from them. Then We sent to her Our spirit (i.e., Jibril), who appeared to her as a perfect human being. When Maryam saw him, she was startled and afraid.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:18

قَالَتْ إِنِّىٓ أَعُوذُ بِٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ مِنكَ إِن كُنتَ تَقِيًّۭا ۝١٨

She said, “I seek protection by the Beneficent God from you if you fear God.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:19

قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أَنَا۠ رَسُولُ رَبِّكِ لِأَهَبَ لَكِ غُلَٰمًۭا زَكِيًّۭا ۝١٩

The angel said, “Do not be afraid; I am not a human being; I am just a messenger of your Lord sent to you so that I may give you a pure boy.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:20

قَالَتْ أَنَّىٰ يَكُونُ لِى غُلَٰمٌۭ وَلَمْ يَمْسَسْنِى بَشَرٌۭ وَلَمْ أَكُ بَغِيًّۭا ۝٢٠

She said, “How can there be a son for me while man has not yet touched me, neither have I been unchaste?!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:21

قَالَ كَذَٰلِكِ قَالَ رَبُّكِ هُوَ عَلَىَّ هَيِّنٌۭ ۖ وَلِنَجْعَلَهُۥٓ ءَايَةًۭ لِّلنَّاسِ وَرَحْمَةًۭ مِّنَّا ۚ وَكَانَ أَمْرًۭا مَّقْضِيًّۭا ۝٢١

The angel said, “So shall it be. Your Lord said, ‘It is easy for me. And We are creating your son without a father as We intend to make him a sign for the people and a mercy from Us. This is a matter which has already been decreed.’”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:22

۞ فَحَمَلَتْهُ فَٱنتَبَذَتْ بِهِۦ مَكَانًۭا قَصِيًّۭا ۝٢٢

So Maryam conceived him and withdrew with him to a remote place.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:23

فَأَجَآءَهَا ٱلْمَخَاضُ إِلَىٰ جِذْعِ ٱلنَّخْلَةِ قَالَتْ يَٰلَيْتَنِى مِتُّ قَبْلَ هَٰذَا وَكُنتُ نَسْيًۭا مَّنسِيًّۭا ۝٢٣

The birth pangs forced her to sit by the trunk of a dry palm tree. She felt very distressed and worried about her reputation. She said, “I wish I would have died before this and become a completely forgotten person so that no one will slander me!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:24

فَنَادَىٰهَا مِن تَحْتِهَآ أَلَّا تَحْزَنِى قَدْ جَعَلَ رَبُّكِ تَحْتَكِ سَرِيًّۭا ۝٢٤

Suddenly, ‘Īsa who was born to her at that very moment, called to her from beneath her: “Do not grieve; to relieve you from your trouble, your Lord has made a stream to flow below you,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:25

وَهُزِّىٓ إِلَيْكِ بِجِذْعِ ٱلنَّخْلَةِ تُسَٰقِطْ عَلَيْكِ رُطَبًۭا جَنِيًّۭا ۝٢٥

and shake the trunk of the palm tree towards yourself, and you will find fresh ripe dates falling upon you.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:26

فَكُلِى وَٱشْرَبِى وَقَرِّى عَيْنًۭا ۖ فَإِمَّا تَرَيِنَّ مِنَ ٱلْبَشَرِ أَحَدًۭا فَقُولِىٓ إِنِّى نَذَرْتُ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ صَوْمًۭا فَلَنْ أُكَلِّمَ ٱلْيَوْمَ إِنسِيًّۭا ۝٢٦

So eat, drink, and let your eyes be delightful. As for your reputation, do not worry and leave it to me; if you see any human being, say: ‘I have vowed to the Beneficent God a fast of speech, and so I shall not speak to anyone today.’”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:27

فَأَتَتْ بِهِۦ قَوْمَهَا تَحْمِلُهُۥ ۖ قَالُوا۟ يَٰمَرْيَمُ لَقَدْ جِئْتِ شَئًْۭا فَرِيًّۭا ۝٢٧

Then she came with the child to her people while she was carrying him. When the people saw her with a newborn child, they said, “O Maryam! You have surely done something unheard of before in your family!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:28

يَٰٓأُخْتَ هَٰرُونَ مَا كَانَ أَبُوكِ ٱمْرَأَ سَوْءٍۢ وَمَا كَانَتْ أُمُّكِ بَغِيًّۭا ۝٢٨

O sister of Hārūn! What have you done? Your father was not a bad man, nor was your mother an unchaste woman.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:29

فَأَشَارَتْ إِلَيْهِ ۖ قَالُوا۟ كَيْفَ نُكَلِّمُ مَن كَانَ فِى ٱلْمَهْدِ صَبِيًّۭا ۝٢٩

Maryam, instead of answering them, pointed to the child. They said, “How should we speak to someone who is still a baby in the cradle?!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:30

قَالَ إِنِّى عَبْدُ ٱللَّهِ ءَاتَىٰنِىَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَجَعَلَنِى نَبِيًّۭا ۝٣٠

At that very moment, ‘Īsa started to talk. He said, I am a servant of Allãh; He has given me the Book and has made me a prophetS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:31

وَجَعَلَنِى مُبَارَكًا أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُ وَأَوْصَٰنِى بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱلزَّكَوٰةِ مَا دُمْتُ حَيًّۭا ۝٣١

and has made me a blessed person wherever I may be. He has enjoined upon me prayer and almsgiving for as long as I liveS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:32

وَبَرًّۢا بِوَٰلِدَتِى وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْنِى جَبَّارًۭا شَقِيًّۭا ۝٣٢

and also to be affectionate to my mother. And He has not made me an arrogant and wretched person.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:33

وَٱلسَّلَٰمُ عَلَىَّ يَوْمَ وُلِدتُّ وَيَوْمَ أَمُوتُ وَيَوْمَ أُبْعَثُ حَيًّۭا ۝٣٣

Peace be upon me the day I was born, the day I shall die, and the day I shall be raised to life.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:34

ذَٰلِكَ عِيسَى ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ ۚ قَوْلَ ٱلْحَقِّ ٱلَّذِى فِيهِ يَمْتَرُونَ ۝٣٤

Such is the story of ‘Īsa, son of Maryam. And this is a true statement of his birth concerning which they are in doubt.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:35

مَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ مِن وَلَدٍۢ ۖ سُبْحَٰنَهُۥٓ ۚ إِذَا قَضَىٰٓ أَمْرًۭا فَإِنَّمَا يَقُولُ لَهُۥ كُن فَيَكُونُ ۝٣٥

As for the Christians who believe that ‘Īsa was the son of God, they should know that it is not appropriate for Allāh to take a son unto Himself—glory be to him! He does not need a son. And whenever He decrees a thing, He only says to it, “Be,” and it comes to exist.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:36

وَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ رَبِّى وَرَبُّكُمْ فَٱعْبُدُوهُ ۚ هَٰذَا صِرَٰطٌۭ مُّسْتَقِيمٌۭ ۝٣٦

Prophet ‘Īsa ended his above-quoted statement by saying, “And surely Allãh is my Lord and your Lord, therefore worship Him—this is indeed the right path.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:37

فَٱخْتَلَفَ ٱلْأَحْزَابُ مِنۢ بَيْنِهِمْ ۖ فَوَيْلٌۭ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِن مَّشْهَدِ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ ۝٣٧

In spite of such a clear statement from ‘Īsa about Allãh, the Christian groups disagree with each other about the status of Jesus. So woe be to those who disbelieve; woe be to them for the scene of the great day of judgement.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Reading about the Nicaea Council (325 CE) and debates thereafter about Jesus’ status bears this fact out. Some Christians believed that the son was ‘of one substance’ with the Father, another group believed that the son was ‘like’ the Father, a third believed that the son was ‘of like substance’ with the Father, and a fourth group believed that the son was ‘unlike’ the Father.

19:38

أَسْمِعْ بِهِمْ وَأَبْصِرْ يَوْمَ يَأْتُونَنَا ۖ لَٰكِنِ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ ٱلْيَوْمَ فِى ضَلَٰلٍۢ مُّبِينٍۢ ۝٣٨

How well shall they hear the truth and how well shall they see it on the day when they shall come to Us! But today, the transgressors are in manifest error.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:39

وَأَنذِرْهُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْحَسْرَةِ إِذْ قُضِىَ ٱلْأَمْرُ وَهُمْ فِى غَفْلَةٍۢ وَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ ۝٣٩

O Muḥammad, warn them of the day of intense regret and sorrow when the affair will be decreed by Allãh. And the final decree will not be in their favour since they are in heedlessness, nor do they believe.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:40

إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَرِثُ ٱلْأَرْضَ وَمَنْ عَلَيْهَا وَإِلَيْنَا يُرْجَعُونَ ۝٤٠

Since We do not have any son or daughter, We, Ourselves, will inherit the earth and all those who are on it; and to Us, they shall be returned.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Prophet Ibrāhīm

19:41

وَٱذْكُرْ فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ صِدِّيقًۭا نَّبِيًّا ۝٤١

Remember the story of Ibrāhīm in this Book: He, indeed, was an eminently truthful person and a prophet.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:42

إِذْ قَالَ لِأَبِيهِ يَٰٓأَبَتِ لِمَ تَعْبُدُ مَا لَا يَسْمَعُ وَلَا يُبْصِرُ وَلَا يُغْنِى عَنكَ شَئًْۭا ۝٤٢

Remember when he said to his uncle, “O my uncle! Why do you worship the idol that neither hears nor sees nor can it avail you in the least?!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

See the note under 6:74.

19:43

يَٰٓأَبَتِ إِنِّى قَدْ جَآءَنِى مِنَ ٱلْعِلْمِ مَا لَمْ يَأْتِكَ فَٱتَّبِعْنِىٓ أَهْدِكَ صِرَٰطًۭا سَوِيًّۭا ۝٤٣

O my uncle! There has truly come to me a knowledge from God which has not come to you; therefore, follow me and I will guide you to the right path.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:44

يَٰٓأَبَتِ لَا تَعْبُدِ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنَ ۖ إِنَّ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنَ كَانَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ عَصِيًّۭا ۝٤٤

O my uncle! Do not obey the Shayṭãn in worshipping the idols; surely the Shayṭãn has been very rebellious to the Beneficent God.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:45

يَٰٓأَبَتِ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ أَن يَمَسَّكَ عَذَابٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ فَتَكُونَ لِلشَّيْطَٰنِ وَلِيًّۭا ۝٤٥

O my uncle! I fear lest a punishment from the Beneficent God should afflict you whereby you will lose His blessings and that you may become a friend of the Shayṭãn.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:46

قَالَ أَرَاغِبٌ أَنتَ عَنْ ءَالِهَتِى يَٰٓإِبْرَٰهِيمُ ۖ لَئِن لَّمْ تَنتَهِ لَأَرْجُمَنَّكَ ۖ وَٱهْجُرْنِى مَلِيًّۭا ۝٤٦

Ibrãhim’s uncle said, “Do you shun my gods, O Ibrãhîm? Well, then, remember that if you do not desist from shunning my idols, then I will surely stone you. So, stay away from me for a long time.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:47

قَالَ سَلَٰمٌ عَلَيْكَ ۖ سَأَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكَ رَبِّىٓ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ بِى حَفِيًّۭا ۝٤٧

Ibrāhīm said, “Peace be upon you. I will pray to my Lord to forgive you; verily, He is always gracious to me.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:48

وَأَعْتَزِلُكُمْ وَمَا تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَأَدْعُوا۟ رَبِّى عَسَىٰٓ أَلَّآ أَكُونَ بِدُعَآءِ رَبِّى شَقِيًّۭا ۝٤٨

And sure, I will separate myself from you and the idols that you call upon besides Allãh. And I will pray to my Lord; hopefully, I will not be disappointed in the prayer to my Lord.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:49

فَلَمَّا ٱعْتَزَلَهُمْ وَمَا يَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ وَهَبْنَا لَهُۥٓ إِسْحَٰقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ ۖ وَكُلًّۭا جَعَلْنَا نَبِيًّۭا ۝٤٩

So when Ibrāhīm separated from them and from the idols that they worshipped besides Allāh, We gave to him Ishãq and Ya‘qûb—and We made all of them prophets,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:50

وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُم مِّن رَّحْمَتِنَا وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّۭا ۝٥٠

We granted to them special status from Our mercy, and We assigned for them a true and praise-worthy mention in history.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Prophet Mūsa

19:51

وَٱذْكُرْ فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مُوسَىٰٓ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مُخْلَصًۭا وَكَانَ رَسُولًۭا نَّبِيًّۭا ۝٥١

Remember the story of Mūsa in this Book: He surely was chosen and purified by Allāh, and he was a messenger of God and a prophet.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:52

وَنَٰدَيْنَٰهُ مِن جَانِبِ ٱلطُّورِ ٱلْأَيْمَنِ وَقَرَّبْنَٰهُ نَجِيًّۭا ۝٥٢

And remember Mūsa when We called him from the right side of Mount Sinai, and We brought him so close that he was having a secret conversation with Us.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:53

وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُۥ مِن رَّحْمَتِنَآ أَخَاهُ هَٰرُونَ نَبِيًّۭا ۝٥٣

And out of Our mercy, We gave him an assistant in the form of his brother Hārūn who was a prophet himself.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Prophet Ismā‘īl bin Ḥizqīl, the Truthful

19:54

وَٱذْكُرْ فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ إِسْمَٰعِيلَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ صَادِقَ ٱلْوَعْدِ وَكَانَ رَسُولًۭا نَّبِيًّۭا ۝٥٤

Remember the story of Ismã’îl in the Book He was indeed truthful in his promise, and he was a messenger of God and a prophet.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:55

وَكَانَ يَأْمُرُ أَهْلَهُۥ بِٱلصَّلَوٰةِ وَٱلزَّكَوٰةِ وَكَانَ عِندَ رَبِّهِۦ مَرْضِيًّۭا ۝٥٥

He used to enjoin his family to pray to God and to give charity to the poor. And in the eyes of his Lord, he was found pleasing.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Prophet Idrīs

19:56

وَٱذْكُرْ فِى ٱلْكِتَٰبِ إِدْرِيسَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ صِدِّيقًۭا نَّبِيًّۭا ۝٥٦

Remember the story of Idrīs in this Book: He was an eminently truthful person and a prophet;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:57

وَرَفَعْنَٰهُ مَكَانًا عَلِيًّا ۝٥٧

and We raised him spiritually to a lofty level.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

A Review of the Above

19:58

أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ ٱلنَّبِيِّۧنَ مِن ذُرِّيَّةِ ءَادَمَ وَمِمَّنْ حَمَلْنَا مَعَ نُوحٍۢ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّةِ إِبْرَٰهِيمَ وَإِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ وَمِمَّنْ هَدَيْنَا وَٱجْتَبَيْنَآ ۚ إِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ خَرُّوا۟ سُجَّدًۭا وَبُكِيًّۭا ۩ ۝٥٨

These above-mentioned persons are those whom Allāh has bestowed His blessings of guidance. These persons are of two types. One group is from the prophets, and these prophets are from the off-spring of Adam, and from those whom We carried in the Ark with Nūḥ, and from the off-spring of Ibrāhīm and Isrã’īl. The other group is from those whom We guided and chose. Whenever the verses of the Beneficent God were recited to them, they would fall into prostration, weeping.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:59

۞ فَخَلَفَ مِنۢ بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ أَضَاعُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَٱتَّبَعُوا۟ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِ ۖ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا ۝٥٩

But after each of these groups came an unworthy generation who corrupted the prayer by distorting and delaying it and followed their evil desires. Soon they will face the consequences of their error,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:60

إِلَّا مَن تَابَ وَءَامَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحًۭا فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ ٱلْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ شَئًْۭا ۝٦٠

except the person who repents, believes in God and does good deeds—such people will be among the good people. They will enter the Garden, and they will not be wronged in any way.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:61

جَنَّٰتِ عَدْنٍ ٱلَّتِى وَعَدَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ عِبَادَهُۥ بِٱلْغَيْبِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ وَعْدُهُۥ مَأْتِيًّۭا ۝٦١

They will enter the perpetual gardens which the Beneficent God has promised to His servants. This promise is of an unseen abode, but surely His promise will come to pass.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:62

لَّا يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغْوًا إِلَّا سَلَٰمًۭا ۖ وَلَهُمْ رِزْقُهُمْ فِيهَا بُكْرَةًۭ وَعَشِيًّۭا ۝٦٢

in it they shall not hear any foolish talk, but only ‘Peace;’ and therein they shall have their provision at dawn and evening.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:63

تِلْكَ ٱلْجَنَّةُ ٱلَّتِى نُورِثُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا مَن كَانَ تَقِيًّۭا ۝٦٣

This is the Garden which We shall make Our servants inherit, not to all of them but one who guards against displeasing Me.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Qur’ān’s Revelation

19:64

وَمَا نَتَنَزَّلُ إِلَّا بِأَمْرِ رَبِّكَ ۖ لَهُۥ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَمَا خَلْفَنَا وَمَا بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ ۚ وَمَا كَانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيًّۭا ۝٦٤

We do not descend with revelations except by the command of your Lord—to Him belongs whatever is in front of us, whatever is behind us and whatever is between the two. Your Lord is not forgetful.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

At some point in the life of the Prophet Muḥammad, the revelations became less frequent. The Prophet asked Jibrā’īl about the long interruptions between the revelations. Upon Allāh’s command, Jibrā’īl responded:

19:65

رَّبُّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَٱعْبُدْهُ وَٱصْطَبِرْ لِعِبَٰدَتِهِۦ ۚ هَلْ تَعْلَمُ لَهُۥ سَمِيًّۭا ۝٦٥

He is the Lord of the heavens and the earth, and whatever is between the two; therefore, worship Him and be patient in worshipping Him. Do you know anyone equal to Him?!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Bodily Resurrection

19:66

وَيَقُولُ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ أَءِذَا مَا مِتُّ لَسَوْفَ أُخْرَجُ حَيًّا ۝٦٦

The human being says, “What! When I have already died, shall I be raised alive again?!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:67

أَوَلَا يَذْكُرُ ٱلْإِنسَٰنُ أَنَّا خَلَقْنَٰهُ مِن قَبْلُ وَلَمْ يَكُ شَئًْۭا ۝٦٧

Does not the human being remember that We created him before while he was nothing?!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:68

فَوَرَبِّكَ لَنَحْشُرَنَّهُمْ وَٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ ثُمَّ لَنُحْضِرَنَّهُمْ حَوْلَ جَهَنَّمَ جِثِيًّۭا ۝٦٨

By your Lord! Surely, We shall gather them and the satans on the day of judgement, then We shall surely bring them around the hell on their knees.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:69

ثُمَّ لَنَنزِعَنَّ مِن كُلِّ شِيعَةٍ أَيُّهُمْ أَشَدُّ عَلَى ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ عِتِيًّۭا ۝٦٩

Then We shall remove from every group the one who is most insolent to the Beneficent God.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:70

ثُمَّ لَنَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِٱلَّذِينَ هُمْ أَوْلَىٰ بِهَا صِلِيًّۭا ۝٧٠

And We certainly know better those who deserve most to be burnt therein.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:71

وَإِن مِّنكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا ۚ كَانَ عَلَىٰ رَبِّكَ حَتْمًۭا مَّقْضِيًّۭا ۝٧١

And there is none among you but that he will come to it (i.e., the hell); this is a matter which has been certainly decreed by your Lord. After bringing all close to hell,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:72

ثُمَّ نُنَجِّى ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوا۟ وَّنَذَرُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ فِيهَا جِثِيًّۭا ۝٧٢

We shall deliver those who were guarding themselves against displeasing Allāh, and We shall leave the transgressors in it on their knees.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Message of the Prophets

19:73

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٍۢ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ أَىُّ ٱلْفَرِيقَيْنِ خَيْرٌۭ مَّقَامًۭا وَأَحْسَنُ نَدِيًّۭا ۝٧٣

When Our clear verses are recited to the people of Mecca, those who disbelieve say to those who believe, “Which of our two parties is better in abode and best in companionship?!” The unbelievers thought that worldly affluence was the criterion of truth and salvation. They seem to miss the point that worldly affluence is temporary, whereas the hereafter is eternal.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Those who accepted the message of Islam in the early Meccan period mainly consisted of slaves, ex-slaves, and poor people. In contrast, the opponents of Islam were mostly affluent members of society.

19:74

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ هُمْ أَحْسَنُ أَثَٰثًۭا وَرِءْيًۭا ۝٧٤

They seem to forget how many of generations We had destroyed before them who were better in their household goods and physical appearance!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:75

قُلْ مَن كَانَ فِى ٱلضَّلَٰلَةِ فَلْيَمْدُدْ لَهُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ مَدًّا ۚ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا رَأَوْا۟ مَا يُوعَدُونَ إِمَّا ٱلْعَذَابَ وَإِمَّا ٱلسَّاعَةَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ هُوَ شَرٌّۭ مَّكَانًۭا وَأَضْعَفُ جُندًۭا ۝٧٥

O Muḥammad, say to such people, “Whoever is in error obstinately, then the Beneficent God surely leaves him for some time in his error to enjoy his worldly affluence until they see what they were being warned about— either the chastisement or the hour of doom. Then they shall know who is in the worst abode and who is weak in military force!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:76

وَيَزِيدُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱهْتَدَوْا۟ هُدًۭى ۗ وَٱلْبَٰقِيَٰتُ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتُ خَيْرٌ عِندَ رَبِّكَ ثَوَابًۭا وَخَيْرٌۭ مَّرَدًّا ۝٧٦

As for those who are guided aright, Allāh increases their guidance; and the ever-lasting good deeds are better with your Lord in reward and better in profitable returns.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:77

أَفَرَءَيْتَ ٱلَّذِى كَفَرَ بَِٔايَٰتِنَا وَقَالَ لَأُوتَيَنَّ مَالًۭا وَوَلَدًا ۝٧٧

Someone who already believed in Prophet Muḥammad’s message or was inclined towards it, became convinced by the above-mentioned words of the unbelievers of Mecca in verse 73. (The commentators mention the name of ‘Ās bin Wā’il or Walīd bin al-Mughayrah.) Referring to him, Allāh says: Have you seen the person who rejected Our revelations and said, “If I agree with the unbelievers, I shall certainly be given wealth and children!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:78

أَطَّلَعَ ٱلْغَيْبَ أَمِ ٱتَّخَذَ عِندَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ عَهْدًۭا ۝٧٨

How can he be so sure?! Has he gained knowledge of the unseen?! Or has he secured a promise from the Beneficent God on this matter?!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:79

كَلَّا ۚ سَنَكْتُبُ مَا يَقُولُ وَنَمُدُّ لَهُۥ مِنَ ٱلْعَذَابِ مَدًّۭا ۝٧٩

No! Not at all! We shall preserve his statement and prolong the chastisement for him for some time.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:80

وَنَرِثُهُۥ مَا يَقُولُ وَيَأْتِينَا فَرْدًۭا ۝٨٠

And We shall inherit from him what he is saying, and he will come to Us alone.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

This verse is a beautiful metaphour which says that he will neither have any children to inherit from him in this world nor any wealth to help him on the Day of Judgement.

The Idol-Worshippers

19:81

وَٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ ءَالِهَةًۭ لِّيَكُونُوا۟ لَهُمْ عِزًّۭا ۝٨١

They have taken the idols as gods besides Allãh so that they may be a power for them.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:82

كَلَّا ۚ سَيَكْفُرُونَ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ وَيَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضِدًّا ۝٨٢

Never! On the contrary, the idols will deny their act of worship and will turn against them as adversaries.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:83

أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّآ أَرْسَلْنَا ٱلشَّيَٰطِينَ عَلَى ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ تَؤُزُّهُمْ أَزًّۭا ۝٨٣

O Muḥammad, do not you see that We have sent satans upon the obstinate unbelievers inciting them strongly?S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:84

فَلَا تَعْجَلْ عَلَيْهِمْ ۖ إِنَّمَا نَعُدُّ لَهُمْ عَدًّۭا ۝٨٤

Therefore, do not hasten in asking for a chastisement against them; We have indeed fixed a specified number of days for them.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:85

يَوْمَ نَحْشُرُ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ إِلَى ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ وَفْدًۭا ۝٨٥

On the day when We shall gather the pious people towards the Beneficent God with honourS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:86

وَنَسُوقُ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ وِرْدًۭا ۝٨٦

and We shall drive the guilty people towards the hell as herds were driven to the water—on that day,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:87

لَّا يَمْلِكُونَ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةَ إِلَّا مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ عِندَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ عَهْدًۭا ۝٨٧

they shall not possess any intercession except the one who has secured a promise from the Beneficent Allãh.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:88

وَقَالُوا۟ ٱتَّخَذَ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ وَلَدًۭا ۝٨٨

They say, “The Beneficent God has taken a son unto Himself.” O Muḥammad, say to them:S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:89

لَّقَدْ جِئْتُمْ شَئًْا إِدًّۭا ۝٨٩

“You have indeed come up with a very evil statement;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:90

تَكَادُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ يَتَفَطَّرْنَ مِنْهُ وَتَنشَقُّ ٱلْأَرْضُ وَتَخِرُّ ٱلْجِبَالُ هَدًّا ۝٩٠

it is so grievous that the heavens would have almost split apart by it, the earth would have given way, and the mountains would have trembled down in destruction.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:91

أَن دَعَوْا۟ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ وَلَدًۭا ۝٩١

All this because they ascribed a son to the Beneficent God.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:92

وَمَا يَنۢبَغِى لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ أَن يَتَّخِذَ وَلَدًا ۝٩٢

It does not behoove the Beneficent God to take a son unto Himself. Why should He have to do that? He does not need anyone or anything.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:93

إِن كُلُّ مَن فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ إِلَّآ ءَاتِى ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ عَبْدًۭا ۝٩٣

There is nothing in the heavens and the earth but that it comes to the Beneficent God as a servant! He has so much power over themS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:94

لَّقَدْ أَحْصَىٰهُمْ وَعَدَّهُمْ عَدًّۭا ۝٩٤

He has indeed counted each of them and numbered them comprehensively,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:95

وَكُلُّهُمْ ءَاتِيهِ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ فَرْدًا ۝٩٥

and every one of them will come to Him on the day of resurrection alone.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:96

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ سَيَجْعَلُ لَهُمُ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنُ وُدًّۭا ۝٩٦

As for those who believe and do good deeds, the Beneficent God will grant love to them.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:97

فَإِنَّمَا يَسَّرْنَٰهُ بِلِسَانِكَ لِتُبَشِّرَ بِهِ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ وَتُنذِرَ بِهِۦ قَوْمًۭا لُّدًّۭا ۝٩٧

We have indeed made this revelation easy on your tongue so that you may give good news thereby to those who guard against displeasing Allāh and warn the obstinate people.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

19:98

وَكَمْ أَهْلَكْنَا قَبْلَهُم مِّن قَرْنٍ هَلْ تُحِسُّ مِنْهُم مِّنْ أَحَدٍ أَوْ تَسْمَعُ لَهُمْ رِكْزًۢا ۝٩٨

And how many generations of such obstinate people have We destroyed before them! But today, do you notice any one of them or hear any sound of them?! No, none at all!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)