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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

Worship God Only

39:1

تَنزِيلُ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَكِيمِ ۝١

The Revelation of the Book is from Allāh, the Mighty, the Wise.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:2

إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَآ إِلَيْكَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ بِٱلْحَقِّ فَٱعْبُدِ ٱللَّهَ مُخْلِصًۭا لَّهُ ٱلدِّينَ ۝٢

O Muḥammad, We indeed revealed to you the Book with the truth, so worship God while dedicating the religion exclusively to Him.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:3

أَلَا لِلَّهِ ٱلدِّينُ ٱلْخَالِصُ ۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءَ مَا نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلَّا لِيُقَرِّبُونَآ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ زُلْفَىٰٓ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِى مَا هُمْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِى مَنْ هُوَ كَٰذِبٌۭ كَفَّارٌۭ ۝٣

O People, verily sincere worship belongs only to Allāh, and so don’t worship anyone but Him. Those who take other than Him as guardians consider God as the Creator and other gods as managers of His affairs, and they justify their belief by saying: “We worship them only so that they may bring us humbly closer to God.” Allāh shall indeed judge between them on matters in which they disagree. Surely Allāh does not guide one who is a liar and ungrateful.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:4

لَّوْ أَرَادَ ٱللَّهُ أَن يَتَّخِذَ وَلَدًۭا لَّٱصْطَفَىٰ مِمَّا يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُ ۚ سُبْحَٰنَهُۥ ۖ هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْوَٰحِدُ ٱلْقَهَّارُ ۝٤

Had Allāh wished to take a son unto Himself, He surely could have chosen whomever He pleased from whatever He has created. But He would never wish for such a thing. Glory be to Him! He is Allāh, the One, the Subduer.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

God, the Creator

39:5

خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ بِٱلْحَقِّ ۖ يُكَوِّرُ ٱلَّيْلَ عَلَى ٱلنَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ ٱلنَّهَارَ عَلَى ٱلَّيْلِ ۖ وَسَخَّرَ ٱلشَّمْسَ وَٱلْقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّۭ يَجْرِى لِأَجَلٍۢ مُّسَمًّى ۗ أَلَا هُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْغَفَّٰرُ ۝٥

He created the heavens and the earth with a good purpose; He wraps the night around the day and wraps the day around the night; He has subjected the sun and the moon to a set orbit: each flows in space till the determined term. He is indeed the Mighty as well as the Most-Forgiving.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:6

خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍۢ وَٰحِدَةٍۢ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَأَنزَلَ لَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ ثَمَٰنِيَةَ أَزْوَٰجٍۢ ۚ يَخْلُقُكُمْ فِى بُطُونِ أُمَّهَٰتِكُمْ خَلْقًۭا مِّنۢ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍۢ فِى ظُلُمَٰتٍۢ ثَلَٰثٍۢ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَهُ ٱلْمُلْكُ ۖ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصْرَفُونَ ۝٦

He has created you from a single being; then, from its remaining clay, He made its mate. And He ‘sent down’ for you of the cattle eight pairs of goat, sheep, camel, and cow. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers in one form of creation to another form of creation in three layers of darkness: the belly, the womb and the bag of water. That is Allāh your Lord; to Him belongs the Kingdom; there is no god but He—so how are you turning away?S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Gratitude versus Ingratitude

39:7

إِن تَكْفُرُوا۟ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَنِىٌّ عَنكُمْ ۖ وَلَا يَرْضَىٰ لِعِبَادِهِ ٱلْكُفْرَ ۖ وَإِن تَشْكُرُوا۟ يَرْضَهُ لَكُمْ ۗ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌۭ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ۗ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُم مَّرْجِعُكُمْ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ عَلِيمٌۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ۝٧

After all the blessings mentioned above, it is expected of us to be grateful: If you are ungrateful, then you should realize that Allāh is surely free from need of you, He does not need your gratitude. That, however, does not mean that He will tolerate your ungratefulness; He does not approve of ungratefulness in His servants. Of course, if you be thankful, then He approves that in you. Remember, you are responsible for your own actions since no bearer of the burden of sins shall bear the burden of another person. Then to your Lord shall be your return in the hereafter, and He will inform you of what you were doing in this world. He surely knows what is in their minds.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:8

۞ وَإِذَا مَسَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ ضُرٌّۭ دَعَا رَبَّهُۥ مُنِيبًا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا خَوَّلَهُۥ نِعْمَةًۭ مِّنْهُ نَسِىَ مَا كَانَ يَدْعُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِ مِن قَبْلُ وَجَعَلَ لِلَّهِ أَندَادًۭا لِّيُضِلَّ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦ ۚ قُلْ تَمَتَّعْ بِكُفْرِكَ قَلِيلًا ۖ إِنَّكَ مِنْ أَصْحَٰبِ ٱلنَّارِ ۝٨

When distress afflicts a man, he calls upon his Lord, turning to Him frequently. But when He confers on him a blessing from Him, he forgets Allāh to whom he used to pray in the past and sets up rivals to Allāh so that he may lead others astray from His path. O Muḥammad, announce to such an ungrateful person: “Enjoy your ungratefulness for a while, for you surely are among the inhabitants of the Fire.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:9

أَمَّنْ هُوَ قَٰنِتٌ ءَانَآءَ ٱلَّيْلِ سَاجِدًۭا وَقَآئِمًۭا يَحْذَرُ ٱلَْٔاخِرَةَ وَيَرْجُوا۟ رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِۦ ۗ قُلْ هَلْ يَسْتَوِى ٱلَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ۗ إِنَّمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ أُو۟لُوا۟ ٱلْأَلْبَٰبِ ۝٩

The one who is obedient during hours of the night, prostrating himself and standing in prayers, being fearful of the punishment of the hereafter and hopeful of his Lord’s mercy—can such an obedient person be the same as the disobedient? No, not at all. Say: Are those who know equal to those who don’t know? Of course, not. Only the people of understanding minds remember.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

A Virtuous Life

39:10

قُلْ يَٰعِبَادِ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱتَّقُوا۟ رَبَّكُمْ ۚ لِلَّذِينَ أَحْسَنُوا۟ فِى هَٰذِهِ ٱلدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةٌۭ ۗ وَأَرْضُ ٱللَّهِ وَٰسِعَةٌ ۗ إِنَّمَا يُوَفَّى ٱلصَّٰبِرُونَ أَجْرَهُم بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍۢ ۝١٠

Say: “O my servants who believe! Fear the displeasure of your Lord. For those who do good deeds in this world is a good reward. “And if you face hurdles in doing good in your place, then you should know that Allāh’s earth is spacious enough for you to migrate to another place. And remember that patience is essential: verily the patient ones will be paid their reward in full without measure.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:11

قُلْ إِنِّىٓ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أَعْبُدَ ٱللَّهَ مُخْلِصًۭا لَّهُ ٱلدِّينَ ۝١١

O Muḥammad, say: “I have been commanded to worship Allāh, being sincere to Him in faith.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:12

وَأُمِرْتُ لِأَنْ أَكُونَ أَوَّلَ ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَ ۝١٢

And I have been commanded to be the first and the best of those who submit.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:13

قُلْ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ إِنْ عَصَيْتُ رَبِّى عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍۢ ۝١٣

O Muḥammad, say: “If I disobey my Lord, I truly fear the chastisement of a grievous day of judgement.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:14

قُلِ ٱللَّهَ أَعْبُدُ مُخْلِصًۭا لَّهُۥ دِينِى ۝١٤

O Muḥammad, say to the idol-worshippers of Mecca: “Allāh is the only one whom I worship, being sincere to Him in my faith.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:15

فَٱعْبُدُوا۟ مَا شِئْتُم مِّن دُونِهِۦ ۗ قُلْ إِنَّ ٱلْخَٰسِرِينَ ٱلَّذِينَ خَسِرُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ ۗ أَلَا ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلْخُسْرَانُ ٱلْمُبِينُ ۝١٥

So worship whatever you like besides Him but be assured that it will not help you at all.” Say: “Surely the losers are those who shall lose themselves as well as their families on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed that loss in the hereafter is the manifest loss since it will be ever-lasting!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:16

لَهُم مِّن فَوْقِهِمْ ظُلَلٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلنَّارِ وَمِن تَحْتِهِمْ ظُلَلٌۭ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ يُخَوِّفُ ٱللَّهُ بِهِۦ عِبَادَهُۥ ۚ يَٰعِبَادِ فَٱتَّقُونِ ۝١٦

They shall have above them layers of fire and also layers beneath them. With that, Allāh warns His servants: O My servants, fear from displeasing Me.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:17

وَٱلَّذِينَ ٱجْتَنَبُوا۟ ٱلطَّٰغُوتَ أَن يَعْبُدُوهَا وَأَنَابُوٓا۟ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ لَهُمُ ٱلْبُشْرَىٰ ۚ فَبَشِّرْ عِبَادِ ۝١٧

Those who refrain from worshipping the idols and also turn penitently to Allāh, for them is the good news! Therefore, O Muḥammad, give good news to My servantsS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:18

ٱلَّذِينَ يَسْتَمِعُونَ ٱلْقَوْلَ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ أَحْسَنَهُۥٓ ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ هَدَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۖ وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمْ أُو۟لُوا۟ ٱلْأَلْبَٰبِ ۝١٨

those who listen to the word and then follow the best of it—these are those whom Allāh has guided and these are the people of understanding minds.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:19

أَفَمَنْ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِ كَلِمَةُ ٱلْعَذَابِ أَفَأَنتَ تُنقِذُ مَن فِى ٱلنَّارِ ۝١٩

He who has been condemned by the judgement of chastisement—what! Can you save him who is in the Fire? No, not, of course!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:20

لَٰكِنِ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوْا۟ رَبَّهُمْ لَهُمْ غُرَفٌۭ مِّن فَوْقِهَا غُرَفٌۭ مَّبْنِيَّةٌۭ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ ۖ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ ۖ لَا يُخْلِفُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْمِيعَادَ ۝٢٠

But those who fear displeasing their Lord, for them shall be chambers and other chambers built above them with rivers flowing underneath them—that is Allāh’s promise, and Allāh does not turn back on the promise.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Guidance and Misguidance

39:21

أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ أَنزَلَ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مَآءًۭ فَسَلَكَهُۥ يَنَٰبِيعَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ثُمَّ يُخْرِجُ بِهِۦ زَرْعًۭا مُّخْتَلِفًا أَلْوَٰنُهُۥ ثُمَّ يَهِيجُ فَتَرَىٰهُ مُصْفَرًّۭا ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُهُۥ حُطَٰمًا ۚ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لَذِكْرَىٰ لِأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَٰبِ ۝٢١

Do not you see that Allah sends down water from the cloud, then makes it flow as springs in the earth, and then brings forth by it crops of various colours? Then it withers and you see it turning yellow, and then He turns it into the threshed straw. Surely in that is indeed a reminder of the cycle of life and resurrection for the people of understanding minds.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:22

أَفَمَن شَرَحَ ٱللَّهُ صَدْرَهُۥ لِلْإِسْلَٰمِ فَهُوَ عَلَىٰ نُورٍۢ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ ۚ فَوَيْلٌۭ لِّلْقَٰسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُم مِّن ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ فِى ضَلَٰلٍۢ مُّبِينٍ ۝٢٢

Can the one whose heart Allāh has opened for Islam so that he is in a light from His Lord be like the hard-hearted ones? No, not at all! So woe to those whose hearts are hardened against the remembrance of Allāh and thus incapable of seeing the light! They are in clear error.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:23

ٱللَّهُ نَزَّلَ أَحْسَنَ ٱلْحَدِيثِ كِتَٰبًۭا مُّتَشَٰبِهًۭا مَّثَانِىَ تَقْشَعِرُّ مِنْهُ جُلُودُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ ثُمَّ تَلِينُ جُلُودُهُمْ وَقُلُوبُهُمْ إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُدَى ٱللَّهِ يَهْدِى بِهِۦ مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِنْ هَادٍ ۝٢٣

Allāh has revealed the best discourse, the Qur’ān, as (1) a book with well-connected themes (2) oft-repeating pleasantly, and (3) by listening to it, the skins of those who fear displeasing their Lord shiver and subsequently their skins and their hearts become inclined to the remembrance of Allāh. That is the guidance of Allāh: He guides by it whomsoever He wishes, and whomsoever Allāh abandons, he has no guide.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:24

أَفَمَن يَتَّقِى بِوَجْهِهِۦ سُوٓءَ ٱلْعَذَابِ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ ۚ وَقِيلَ لِلظَّٰلِمِينَ ذُوقُوا۟ مَا كُنتُمْ تَكْسِبُونَ ۝٢٤

Is he who turns away his face against the pain of the chastisement on the Day of Resurrection equal to one who is saved from chastisement? No, not at all. And the evildoers will be told by the wardens of Hell: “Taste what you have earned in the world.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:25

كَذَّبَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ ۝٢٥

Those who were before them rejected their prophets, so the chastisement came upon them from whence they did not even realize.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:26

فَأَذَاقَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْخِزْىَ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَعَذَابُ ٱلَْٔاخِرَةِ أَكْبَرُ ۚ لَوْ كَانُوا۟ يَعْلَمُونَ ۝٢٦

So Allāh made them taste the humiliation in the worldly life and the chastisement of the hereafter is surely greater— only if they had known.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:27

وَلَقَدْ ضَرَبْنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِى هَٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانِ مِن كُلِّ مَثَلٍۢ لَّعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ ۝٢٧

Certainly We have set forth for people in this Qur’ān examples of every kind; hopefully, they may remember the reality.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:28

قُرْءَانًا عَرَبِيًّا غَيْرَ ذِى عِوَجٍۢ لَّعَلَّهُمْ يَتَّقُونَ ۝٢٨

It is an Arabic Qur’ān without any crookedness hopefully they may fear displeasing Allāh.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:29

ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلًۭا رَّجُلًۭا فِيهِ شُرَكَآءُ مُتَشَٰكِسُونَ وَرَجُلًۭا سَلَمًۭا لِّرَجُلٍ هَلْ يَسْتَوِيَانِ مَثَلًا ۚ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ۚ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ۝٢٩

After this preamble, Allāh sets forth an example of a polytheist and a monotheist: On the one hand, there is a person owned by partners who are by nature at variance with one another; and on the other hand, there is a person exclusively owned by one master: can they both be comparatively equal? No, they cannot be equals! So all praise be to Allāh, but most of do not know.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:30

إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌۭ وَإِنَّهُم مَّيِّتُونَ ۝٣٠

O Muḥammad, you are a mortal and they, the unbelievers, are also mortals;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:31

ثُمَّ إِنَّكُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ عِندَ رَبِّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ ۝٣١

and then on the Day of Resurrection, you surely will argue against one another before your Lord.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:32

۞ فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن كَذَبَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ وَكَذَّبَ بِٱلصِّدْقِ إِذْ جَآءَهُۥٓ ۚ أَلَيْسَ فِى جَهَنَّمَ مَثْوًۭى لِّلْكَٰفِرِينَ ۝٣٢

Of the two groups, who can be most unjust than one who ascribes a lie to Allāh and rejects the truth when it comes to him? Isn’t there a final abode for the unbelievers in Hell?S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:33

وَٱلَّذِى جَآءَ بِٱلصِّدْقِ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِۦٓ ۙ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُتَّقُونَ ۝٣٣

Of course, one who came with the truth and one who accepted it—they are those who fear against displeasing Allāh;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:34

لَهُم مَّا يَشَآءُونَ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ جَزَآءُ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ ۝٣٤

they shall have whatever they wish with their Lord. That is the reward of the good doersS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:35

لِيُكَفِّرَ ٱللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ أَسْوَأَ ٱلَّذِى عَمِلُوا۟ وَيَجْزِيَهُمْ أَجْرَهُم بِأَحْسَنِ ٱلَّذِى كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ ۝٣٥

so that Allāh may absolve them of the worst of what they did before accepting Islam and pay them their reward for the best of what they used to do.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:36

أَلَيْسَ ٱللَّهُ بِكَافٍ عَبْدَهُۥ ۖ وَيُخَوِّفُونَكَ بِٱلَّذِينَ مِن دُونِهِۦ ۚ وَمَن يُضْلِلِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِنْ هَادٍۢ ۝٣٦

So is not Allāh sufficient as a guide and a compensator for His servant? And they frighten you, O Muḥammad, with those idols whom they worship other than Him. But remember that whomsoever Allāh abandons, he has no guide;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:37

وَمَن يَهْدِ ٱللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُۥ مِن مُّضِلٍّ ۗ أَلَيْسَ ٱللَّهُ بِعَزِيزٍۢ ذِى ٱنتِقَامٍۢ ۝٣٧

and whomsoever Allāh guides, none can lead him astray. Is not Allāh All-Mighty and Avenger for the non-believers and sinners?S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Unity of God

39:38

وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُم مَّنْ خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ لَيَقُولُنَّ ٱللَّهُ ۚ قُلْ أَفَرَءَيْتُم مَّا تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ إِنْ أَرَادَنِىَ ٱللَّهُ بِضُرٍّ هَلْ هُنَّ كَٰشِفَٰتُ ضُرِّهِۦٓ أَوْ أَرَادَنِى بِرَحْمَةٍ هَلْ هُنَّ مُمْسِكَٰتُ رَحْمَتِهِۦ ۚ قُلْ حَسْبِىَ ٱللَّهُ ۖ عَلَيْهِ يَتَوَكَّلُ ٱلْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ ۝٣٨

If you ask them, “Who created the heavens and the earth?” they will surely say: “Allāh.” Then say to them: “Have you considered the fact about the idols that you call upon besides Allāh—if Allāh intends to harm me, will they be able to remove His harm from me? Or, on the other hand, if Allāh intends to have mercy on me, will they be able to withhold His mercy from me?” No, not all! So say: “Allah is sufficient for me as the Creator as well as the Provider; and on Him rely all those who put their trust.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:39

قُلْ يَٰقَوْمِ ٱعْمَلُوا۟ عَلَىٰ مَكَانَتِكُمْ إِنِّى عَٰمِلٌۭ ۖ فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ ۝٣٩

Say O Muḥammad: “O my people! practise and I, too, am maintaining my status quo—soon you will come to knowS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:40

مَن يَأْتِيهِ عَذَابٌۭ يُخْزِيهِ وَيَحِلُّ عَلَيْهِ عَذَابٌۭ مُّقِيمٌ ۝٤٠

who will be visited by a chastisement that shall disgrace him in this world and on whom will descend a lasting chastisement in the hereafter.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:41

إِنَّآ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ لِلنَّاسِ بِٱلْحَقِّ ۖ فَمَنِ ٱهْتَدَىٰ فَلِنَفْسِهِۦ ۖ وَمَن ضَلَّ فَإِنَّمَا يَضِلُّ عَلَيْهَا ۖ وَمَآ أَنتَ عَلَيْهِم بِوَكِيلٍ ۝٤١

Surely We have sent down upon you the Book, al-Qur’ān, with the truth for the guidance of the people: so whosoever seeks the guidance, he indeed is guided for his own benefit and whosoever goes astray, he indeed goes astray at his own loss—you, O Muḥammad, are not a watcher over them.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Death and Intercession

39:42

ٱللَّهُ يَتَوَفَّى ٱلْأَنفُسَ حِينَ مَوْتِهَا وَٱلَّتِى لَمْ تَمُتْ فِى مَنَامِهَا ۖ فَيُمْسِكُ ٱلَّتِى قَضَىٰ عَلَيْهَا ٱلْمَوْتَ وَيُرْسِلُ ٱلْأُخْرَىٰٓ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍۢ مُّسَمًّى ۚ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لََٔايَٰتٍۢ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ۝٤٢

Allāh takes the souls out of the bodies at the time of their death. Then the Qur’ān describes sleep as a semi-death phenomenon when the soul temporarily leaves the body: And those that who have not died in their sleep should know that He holds back the soul on which He has decreed death while He releases the other so that it can return to the body till an appointed term of death. Surely in this phenomenon of sleep are signs for people who reflect.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

After talking about the divine guidance that comes to the people in this world, the Qur’ān discusses death and the hereafter:

39:43

أَمِ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ شُفَعَآءَ ۚ قُلْ أَوَلَوْ كَانُوا۟ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ شَئًْۭا وَلَا يَعْقِلُونَ ۝٤٣

Or have they taken intercessors besides Allāh? Say: “What! You take the idols as your intercessors even though they do not control anything nor understand anything about intercession.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:44

قُل لِّلَّهِ ٱلشَّفَٰعَةُ جَمِيعًۭا ۖ لَّهُۥ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَيْهِ تُرْجَعُونَ ۝٤٤

Say further: “To Allāh belongs the right of intercession altogether since His is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth, and then to Him you shall be returned in the hereafter.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:45

وَإِذَا ذُكِرَ ٱللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ ٱشْمَأَزَّتْ قُلُوبُ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱلَْٔاخِرَةِ ۖ وَإِذَا ذُكِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ إِذَا هُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ ۝٤٥

When Allāh is mentioned alone, the hearts of those who do not believe in the hereafter shrink back. but when those others than Him are mentioned, lo behold, they rejoice.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:46

قُلِ ٱللَّهُمَّ فَاطِرَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ عَٰلِمَ ٱلْغَيْبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ أَنتَ تَحْكُمُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِكَ فِى مَا كَانُوا۟ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ ۝٤٦

O Muḥammad, in response to such idol-worshippers, say: “O Allāh! O Originator of the heavens and the earth, O Knower of the unseen and the seen! Indeed You shall judge between Your servants on the day of judgement in matters in which they used to differ.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:47

وَلَوْ أَنَّ لِلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ مَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًۭا وَمِثْلَهُۥ مَعَهُۥ لَٱفْتَدَوْا۟ بِهِۦ مِن سُوٓءِ ٱلْعَذَابِ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ ۚ وَبَدَا لَهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ مَا لَمْ يَكُونُوا۟ يَحْتَسِبُونَ ۝٤٧

When they shall see Allāh’s judgement, they will regret: If those who were unjust in denying the hereafter possessed all the wealth that is in the earth and the like of it with it, they would surely offer it on the day of resurrection to ransom themselves from the evil of the chastisement. But alas, that will not help them, and what they never even thought of shall manifest to them from Allāh:S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:48

وَبَدَا لَهُمْ سَئَِّاتُ مَا كَسَبُوا۟ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ ۝٤٨

the evils of what they had earned will appear to them, and they would be encompassed by the reality of the chastisement that they mocked at.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:49

فَإِذَا مَسَّ ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ ضُرٌّۭ دَعَانَا ثُمَّ إِذَا خَوَّلْنَٰهُ نِعْمَةًۭ مِّنَّا قَالَ إِنَّمَآ أُوتِيتُهُۥ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍۭ ۚ بَلْ هِىَ فِتْنَةٌۭ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ۝٤٩

Although the idol-worshipper’s heart shrinks back when My name is mentioned alone, but when harm afflicts man, he calls Us for help; and when We grant him a blessing from Us, he says, “It was given to me only on the basis of my knowledge and my hard work.” No, not at all; it is a test and a trial for them, but most of them do not realize it. This ungrateful attitude is nothing new;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:50

قَدْ قَالَهَا ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ فَمَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ ۝٥٠

indeed those who were before them also said such statements, but what they used to earn did not avail themS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:51

فَأَصَابَهُمْ سَئَِّاتُ مَا كَسَبُوا۟ ۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ مِنْ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ سَيُصِيبُهُمْ سَئَِّاتُ مَا كَسَبُوا۟ وَمَا هُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ ۝٥١

in that the evil of what they had earned finally befall them. So, O Muḥammad, those who are unjust from among these Meccans, soon the consequences of the evil deeds that they earned shall smite them; and they aren’t capable of frustrating God’s plan.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:52

أَوَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَبْسُطُ ٱلرِّزْقَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيَقْدِرُ ۚ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لََٔايَٰتٍۢ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يُؤْمِنُونَ ۝٥٢

Do not they know that Allāh expands the provision for whomsoever He wishes and straitens it for whomsoever He wishes? Surely in that are signs for the people who believe.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Message of Islam

39:53

۞ قُلْ يَٰعِبَادِىَ ٱلَّذِينَ أَسْرَفُوا۟ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمْ لَا تَقْنَطُوا۟ مِن رَّحْمَةِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَغْفِرُ ٱلذُّنُوبَ جَمِيعًا ۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ۝٥٣

O Muḥammad, say on My behalf: “O My servants who have transgressed against their own selves, do not despair of Allāh’s mercy; verily Allāh forgives all the sins since He indeed is the Most-Forgiving, the Merciful.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:54

وَأَنِيبُوٓا۟ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ وَأَسْلِمُوا۟ لَهُۥ مِن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِيَكُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ ثُمَّ لَا تُنصَرُونَ ۝٥٤

“And turn remorsefully to your Lord and submit to Him in your actions before the chastisement comes upon you, and then you will not be helped.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:55

وَٱتَّبِعُوٓا۟ أَحْسَنَ مَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْكُم مِّن رَّبِّكُم مِّن قَبْلِ أَن يَأْتِيَكُمُ ٱلْعَذَابُ بَغْتَةًۭ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُونَ ۝٥٥

“And follow the best of what has been sent down to you from your Lord before the chastisement comes upon you suddenly while you are unaware.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:56

أَن تَقُولَ نَفْسٌۭ يَٰحَسْرَتَىٰ عَلَىٰ مَا فَرَّطتُ فِى جَنۢبِ ٱللَّهِ وَإِن كُنتُ لَمِنَ ٱلسَّٰخِرِينَ ۝٥٦

This message is being conveyed lest a person should say at the time of judgement: “What a pity on myself for I neglected my duties to Allāh and was indeed among those who ridiculed His message.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:57

أَوْ تَقُولَ لَوْ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ هَدَىٰنِى لَكُنتُ مِنَ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ ۝٥٧

Or lest the person should say when they see the believers going to the Heaven: “If Allāh had only guided me, I would surely be among those who fear His displeasure.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:58

أَوْ تَقُولَ حِينَ تَرَى ٱلْعَذَابَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِى كَرَّةًۭ فَأَكُونَ مِنَ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ ۝٥٨

Or lest the person should say when he sees the chastisement: “If only there were a second chance for me, I would be among the good- doers.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:59

بَلَىٰ قَدْ جَآءَتْكَ ءَايَٰتِى فَكَذَّبْتَ بِهَا وَٱسْتَكْبَرْتَ وَكُنتَ مِنَ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ ۝٥٩

Since the message was sent, there shall be no room for accepting such regrets: Yes, indeed! My signs in their various forms (revelations, miracles and messengers) came to you, but you rejected them and were arrogant, and you were one of the unbelievers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:60

وَيَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ تَرَى ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَبُوا۟ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ وُجُوهُهُم مُّسْوَدَّةٌ ۚ أَلَيْسَ فِى جَهَنَّمَ مَثْوًۭى لِّلْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ ۝٦٠

On the Day of Resurrection, O Muḥammad, you shall see those who ascribed lies to Allāh in a form that their faces will be disgraced because of their arrogance: Isn’t there in Hell the final abode for the arrogant ones?!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:61

وَيُنَجِّى ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوْا۟ بِمَفَازَتِهِمْ لَا يَمَسُّهُمُ ٱلسُّوٓءُ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ ۝٦١

Allāh shall, however, deliver those who feared displeasing Him because of their success in submitting to Him: neither evil shall touch them nor shall they grieve.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Conclusion

39:62

ٱللَّهُ خَٰلِقُ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ وَكِيلٌۭ ۝٦٢

Allāh is the Creator of everything and, as such, He also controls everything;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:63

لَّهُۥ مَقَالِيدُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۗ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بَِٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْخَٰسِرُونَ ۝٦٣

to Him belong the keys of the treasures of the heavens and earth. And with such a reality, those who disbelieve in the signs of Allāh, they are the true losers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:64

قُلْ أَفَغَيْرَ ٱللَّهِ تَأْمُرُوٓنِّىٓ أَعْبُدُ أَيُّهَا ٱلْجَٰهِلُونَ ۝٦٤

O Muḥammad, say to the Meccans: “Do you then bid me to worship other than Allāh, O ignorant ones?”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:65

وَلَقَدْ أُوحِىَ إِلَيْكَ وَإِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكَ لَئِنْ أَشْرَكْتَ لَيَحْبَطَنَّ عَمَلُكَ وَلَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلْخَٰسِرِينَ ۝٦٥

You would not do that since it has certainly been revealed to you as well as those prophets who were sent before you: If you associate other gods with Allāh, then your work shall be forfeited, and you will surely be among the losers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:66

بَلِ ٱللَّهَ فَٱعْبُدْ وَكُن مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ ۝٦٦

It is indeed Allāh whom you should worship and be among the grateful ones.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:67

وَمَا قَدَرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِۦ وَٱلْأَرْضُ جَمِيعًۭا قَبْضَتُهُۥ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ وَٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتُ مَطْوِيَّٰتٌۢ بِيَمِينِهِۦ ۚ سُبْحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ۝٦٧

They, the polytheists, have not honoured Allāh as He should have been honoured by assigning partners to Him while the whole world shall be in His hands on the Day of Resurrection and even the heavens shall be rolled up in His right hand. Glory be to Him! He is exalted above what they associate with Him.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:68

وَنُفِخَ فِى ٱلصُّورِ فَصَعِقَ مَن فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَن فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ إِلَّا مَن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ ۖ ثُمَّ نُفِخَ فِيهِ أُخْرَىٰ فَإِذَا هُمْ قِيَامٌۭ يَنظُرُونَ ۝٦٨

The first trumpet shall be blown and, consequently, whoever is in the heavens and whoever is in the earth shall swoon except whomever Allāh pleases to live. Then it will be blown again, and behold, they shall rise back to life, waiting for the judgement.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:69

وَأَشْرَقَتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ بِنُورِ رَبِّهَا وَوُضِعَ ٱلْكِتَٰبُ وَجِا۟ىٓءَ بِٱلنَّبِيِّۧنَ وَٱلشُّهَدَآءِ وَقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُم بِٱلْحَقِّ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ ۝٦٩

And the earth shall shine with the light of its Lord thereby lifting the veils from us, and the Master Book of records shall be set in its place, and the prophets and the witnesses shall be brought to testify, and judgment shall be issued between them with justice, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:70

وَوُفِّيَتْ كُلُّ نَفْسٍۢ مَّا عَمِلَتْ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَفْعَلُونَ ۝٧٠

and every soul shall be paid in full for what it has done—and He surely knows what they do.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:71

وَسِيقَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ زُمَرًا ۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءُوهَا فُتِحَتْ أَبْوَٰبُهَا وَقَالَ لَهُمْ خَزَنَتُهَآ أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ رُسُلٌۭ مِّنكُمْ يَتْلُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ ءَايَٰتِ رَبِّكُمْ وَيُنذِرُونَكُمْ لِقَآءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَٰذَا ۚ قَالُوا۟ بَلَىٰ وَلَٰكِنْ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَةُ ٱلْعَذَابِ عَلَى ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ ۝٧١

Then those who disbelieved shall be driven towards the Hell in groups until, when they reach it, its seven gates will be opened, and its keepers will say to them: “Did not messengers from among yourselves come to you, reciting to you the verses of your Lord and warning you of the meeting of this day of yours?” They shall say: “Yes! but the sentence of punishment is proven true against the unbelievers.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:72

قِيلَ ٱدْخُلُوٓا۟ أَبْوَٰبَ جَهَنَّمَ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا ۖ فَبِئْسَ مَثْوَى ٱلْمُتَكَبِّرِينَ ۝٧٢

It shall be said: “Enter the gates of Hell to abide therein forever. Evil is the abode of the arrogant ones.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:73

وَسِيقَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوْا۟ رَبَّهُمْ إِلَى ٱلْجَنَّةِ زُمَرًا ۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا جَآءُوهَا وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَٰبُهَا وَقَالَ لَهُمْ خَزَنَتُهَا سَلَٰمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ طِبْتُمْ فَٱدْخُلُوهَا خَٰلِدِينَ ۝٧٣

But those who feared displeasing their Lord shall be driven towards the Paradise in groups until, when they reach it and its seven gates will be opened, and its keepers will say to them: “Peace be on you; you have been good; therefore enter it to abide therein forever.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:74

وَقَالُوا۟ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى صَدَقَنَا وَعْدَهُۥ وَأَوْرَثَنَا ٱلْأَرْضَ نَتَبَوَّأُ مِنَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ نَشَآءُ ۖ فَنِعْمَ أَجْرُ ٱلْعَٰمِلِينَ ۝٧٤

They shall respond: “All praise is due to Allāh, Who is true in His promise to us and made us inherit the land so that we may abide in the Garden as we wish. Indeed excellent is the reward of those who worked to please the Lord.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

39:75

وَتَرَى ٱلْمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ حَآفِّينَ مِنْ حَوْلِ ٱلْعَرْشِ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ ۖ وَقُضِىَ بَيْنَهُم بِٱلْحَقِّ وَقِيلَ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ ۝٧٥

And, O Muḥammad, you shall see the angels encircling the throne glorifying the praise of their Lord; the judgment shall be given between them with justice; and it shall be announced: “Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the universe.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)