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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

The Qur’ān

46:2

تَنزِيلُ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَكِيمِ ۝٢

This Qur’ān is a revelation of the Book, which is from Allāh, the Mighty, the Wise! (God is All-Wise, the Book is a book of wisdom, and the Messenger is the teacher of wisdom.)S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Creation with Purpose

46:3

مَا خَلَقْنَا ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَآ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ وَأَجَلٍۢ مُّسَمًّۭى ۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ عَمَّآ أُنذِرُوا۟ مُعْرِضُونَ ۝٣

We did not create the heavens and the earth and whatever is in between them except with a purpose, and that also for a specified term to test the people whether or not they follow the guidance. The believers followed, but those who disbelieved turned away from what they were warned.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:4

قُلْ أَرَءَيْتُم مَّا تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَرُونِى مَاذَا خَلَقُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلْأَرْضِ أَمْ لَهُمْ شِرْكٌۭ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ ۖ ٱئْتُونِى بِكِتَٰبٍۢ مِّن قَبْلِ هَٰذَآ أَوْ أَثَٰرَةٍۢ مِّنْ عِلْمٍ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ ۝٤

O Muḥammad, say to the idol-worshippers, “What do you think about the idols you call upon besides Allāh: tell me, what portion of the earth did they create? Or do they have a share in the creation of the heavens? Bring to me a Book before this Qur’ān or indications from past knowledge in this matter, if you are truthful in your claim!”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:5

وَمَنْ أَضَلُّ مِمَّن يَدْعُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ مَن لَّا يَسْتَجِيبُ لَهُۥٓ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ وَهُمْ عَن دُعَآئِهِمْ غَٰفِلُونَ ۝٥

Who can be more in error than a person who calls, besides Allāh, upon idols that do not respond to him till the Day of Resurrection— actually, they are oblivious of their prayers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:6

وَإِذَا حُشِرَ ٱلنَّاسُ كَانُوا۟ لَهُمْ أَعْدَآءًۭ وَكَانُوا۟ بِعِبَادَتِهِمْ كَٰفِرِينَ ۝٦

They On the Day of Resurrection, when people are gathered, they, the idols, shall be their enemies, and they shall reject their worship.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Prophet and the Qur’ān

46:7

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٍۢ قَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِلْحَقِّ لَمَّا جَآءَهُمْ هَٰذَا سِحْرٌۭ مُّبِينٌ ۝٧

When Our clear verses are recited to them, those who disbelieve say (of the truth when it comes to them), “This is clear magic.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:8

أَمْ يَقُولُونَ ٱفْتَرَىٰهُ ۖ قُلْ إِنِ ٱفْتَرَيْتُهُۥ فَلَا تَمْلِكُونَ لِى مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَئًْا ۖ هُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا تُفِيضُونَ فِيهِ ۖ كَفَىٰ بِهِۦ شَهِيدًۢا بَيْنِى وَبَيْنَكُمْ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ۝٨

Or do they say, “He has forged it?” O Muḥammad, say, “If I have forged it and God intends to punish me, then you don’t possess anything to help me against Allāh! And He is well aware of false that you spread about it; He is sufficient as a witness between me and you. He is the forgiving, the Merciful.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:9

قُلْ مَا كُنتُ بِدْعًۭا مِّنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ وَمَآ أَدْرِى مَا يُفْعَلُ بِى وَلَا بِكُمْ ۖ إِنْ أَتَّبِعُ إِلَّا مَا يُوحَىٰٓ إِلَىَّ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ إِلَّا نَذِيرٌۭ مُّبِينٌۭ ۝٩

O Muḥammad, Say, “I am not a novelty among the Messengers, I am a human like them, and therefore I do not know what will be done with me or with you. I only follow what is revealed to me; I am only a plain warner.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:10

قُلْ أَرَءَيْتُمْ إِن كَانَ مِنْ عِندِ ٱللَّهِ وَكَفَرْتُم بِهِۦ وَشَهِدَ شَاهِدٌۭ مِّنۢ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ عَلَىٰ مِثْلِهِۦ فََٔامَنَ وَٱسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ ۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ۝١٠

O Muḥammad, Say to the idol worshippers, “Have you considered that if the Qur’ān is from Allāh and you disbelieve in it while you express arrogance against it (and a witness from the Children of Israel has testified to the Tawrāt similar to it and believed in it), then you are indeed evildoers? And surely, Allāh does not guide the evildoers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:11

وَقَالَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَوْ كَانَ خَيْرًۭا مَّا سَبَقُونَآ إِلَيْهِ ۚ وَإِذْ لَمْ يَهْتَدُوا۟ بِهِۦ فَسَيَقُولُونَ هَٰذَآ إِفْكٌۭ قَدِيمٌۭ ۝١١

The unbelievers say about the believers: “If believing in the Qur’ān had been a good thing, they would not have preceded us to it.” The reality is that the Qur’anic guidance is for those who have an open mind and pure heart, but these idolators were stubborn, and since they are not guided to it, they say, “This is an ancient lie.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:12

وَمِن قَبْلِهِۦ كِتَٰبُ مُوسَىٰٓ إِمَامًۭا وَرَحْمَةًۭ ۚ وَهَٰذَا كِتَٰبٌۭ مُّصَدِّقٌۭ لِّسَانًا عَرَبِيًّۭا لِّيُنذِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا۟ وَبُشْرَىٰ لِلْمُحْسِنِينَ ۝١٢

The Qur’ān is a guide just as before it, the Book of Mūsā was a guide and a mercy, and this Qur’ān is a Book in the Arabic language that confirms it to warn those who do evil and to give good tidings to the good-doers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:13

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوا۟ رَبُّنَا ٱللَّهُ ثُمَّ ٱسْتَقَٰمُوا۟ فَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ ۝١٣

The good-doers are indeed those who say, “Our Lord is Allāh,” and then remain steadfast – there shall be no fear on them, nor shall they grieve;S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:14

أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلْجَنَّةِ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ ۝١٤

they are the inhabitants of Paradise, abiding therein forever as a reward for what they were doing.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Qualities of Good Doers and Evildoers

46:15

وَوَصَّيْنَا ٱلْإِنسَٰنَ بِوَٰلِدَيْهِ إِحْسَٰنًا ۖ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُۥ كُرْهًۭا وَوَضَعَتْهُ كُرْهًۭا ۖ وَحَمْلُهُۥ وَفِصَٰلُهُۥ ثَلَٰثُونَ شَهْرًا ۚ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُۥ وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةًۭ قَالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِىٓ أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ ٱلَّتِىٓ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَىَّ وَعَلَىٰ وَٰلِدَىَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَٰلِحًۭا تَرْضَىٰهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِى فِى ذُرِّيَّتِىٓ ۖ إِنِّى تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّى مِنَ ٱلْمُسْلِمِينَ ۝١٥

One of the signs of the good-doers is their behaviour toward their parents: We have enjoined the human being to be kind to his parents, especially his mother, who bore him with hardship and gave birth to him in pain—his minimum pregnancy and his entire weaning period take thirty months. When a person is fully grown, in particular when he reaches forty years, he says: “My Lord! Inspire me to give thanks for Your blessing that You have blessed upon me and my parents, to do good deeds that may please You, and make my descendants righteous for my sake—I indeed turn to You in repentance, and I am of those who submit.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:16

أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ نَتَقَبَّلُ عَنْهُمْ أَحْسَنَ مَا عَمِلُوا۟ وَنَتَجَاوَزُ عَن سَئَِّاتِهِمْ فِىٓ أَصْحَٰبِ ٱلْجَنَّةِ ۖ وَعْدَ ٱلصِّدْقِ ٱلَّذِى كَانُوا۟ يُوعَدُونَ ۝١٦

These are the ones from whom We accept the best of what they have done, and We overlook their misdeeds—they are among the inhabitants of Paradise, which is a true promise that they had been given.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:17

وَٱلَّذِى قَالَ لِوَٰلِدَيْهِ أُفٍّۢ لَّكُمَآ أَتَعِدَانِنِىٓ أَنْ أُخْرَجَ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ ٱلْقُرُونُ مِن قَبْلِى وَهُمَا يَسْتَغِيثَانِ ٱللَّهَ وَيْلَكَ ءَامِنْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقٌّۭ فَيَقُولُ مَا هَٰذَآ إِلَّآ أَسَٰطِيرُ ٱلْأَوَّلِينَ ۝١٧

In contrast to that is one who says to his parents, “Fie upon you! Do you threaten me that I shall be raised back to life for judgement while generations have passed away before me and none has been raised back?” And both parents call for Allāh’s help for guidance and say to their child: “Woe to you! Believe! Surely Allãh’s promise is true.” Then he responds, “This is nothing but the stories of ancient times.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:18

أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ ٱلَّذِينَ حَقَّ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْقَوْلُ فِىٓ أُمَمٍۢ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِم مِّنَ ٱلْجِنِّ وَٱلْإِنسِ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا۟ خَٰسِرِينَ ۝١٨

These are the ones against whom the sentence has already been passed from among the nations of the jinn and the humans that have gone before them—they are indeed the losers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:19

وَلِكُلٍّۢ دَرَجَٰتٌۭ مِّمَّا عَمِلُوا۟ ۖ وَلِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أَعْمَٰلَهُمْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ ۝١٩

For each group of good and evil shall be degrees according to what they have done, and that He may recompense them fully for their deeds and they will not be wronged.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:20

وَيَوْمَ يُعْرَضُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ عَلَى ٱلنَّارِ أَذْهَبْتُمْ طَيِّبَٰتِكُمْ فِى حَيَاتِكُمُ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهَا فَٱلْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ عَذَابَ ٱلْهُونِ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ ٱلْحَقِّ وَبِمَا كُنتُمْ تَفْسُقُونَ ۝٢٠

On the day when those who disbelieved are exposed to the Fire, it will be announced: “You fully consumed your good things in your worldly life and enjoyed them; so today you shall be recompensed with a humiliating punishment because you displayed arrogance in the earth unfairly and because you disobeyed.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Two Examples from the Past

46:21

۞ وَٱذْكُرْ أَخَا عَادٍ إِذْ أَنذَرَ قَوْمَهُۥ بِٱلْأَحْقَافِ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ ٱلنُّذُرُ مِنۢ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِۦٓ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوٓا۟ إِلَّا ٱللَّهَ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ عَذَابَ يَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍۢ ۝٢١

A negative example of the People of ‘Ād: Remember Prophet Hūd, the brother of the tribe of ‘Ād, when he warned his people at the sand dunes (aḥqāf) against disobeying God; and this was not a new message for them: indeed warners had passed before him, and more shall come after him, saying: “Do not worship anyone but Allāh; surely I fear for you the punishment of a grievous day.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:22

قَالُوٓا۟ أَجِئْتَنَا لِتَأْفِكَنَا عَنْ ءَالِهَتِنَا فَأْتِنَا بِمَا تَعِدُنَآ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينَ ۝٢٢

They said, “Have you come to us to turn us away from our gods? Then bring upon us what you threaten us with if you are from the truthful ones.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:23

قَالَ إِنَّمَا ٱلْعِلْمُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأُبَلِّغُكُم مَّآ أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِۦ وَلَٰكِنِّىٓ أَرَىٰكُمْ قَوْمًۭا تَجْهَلُونَ ۝٢٣

He replied, “The knowledge of when the punishment shall come is only with Allāh; I am here only to deliver to you the message with which I was sent. However, by looking at your response, I see that you are an ignorant people.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:24

فَلَمَّا رَأَوْهُ عَارِضًۭا مُّسْتَقْبِلَ أَوْدِيَتِهِمْ قَالُوا۟ هَٰذَا عَارِضٌۭ مُّمْطِرُنَا ۚ بَلْ هُوَ مَا ٱسْتَعْجَلْتُم بِهِۦ ۖ رِيحٌۭ فِيهَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ ۝٢٤

So when they saw it as a cloud advancing towards their valleys, they ridiculously said to Hūd, “This is a cloud that shall give us rain!” Hūd responded: “Not so, rather it is what you sought to hasten upon yourselves: it is a wind which carries a painful punishment,S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:25

تُدَمِّرُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍۭ بِأَمْرِ رَبِّهَا فَأَصْبَحُوا۟ لَا يُرَىٰٓ إِلَّا مَسَٰكِنُهُمْ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلْقَوْمَ ٱلْمُجْرِمِينَ ۝٢٥

destroying everything in its path by the command of its Lord.” So they became such that nothing could be seen except their dwellings—thus do We recompense the guilty people.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:26

وَلَقَدْ مَكَّنَّٰهُمْ فِيمَآ إِن مَّكَّنَّٰكُمْ فِيهِ وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ سَمْعًۭا وَأَبْصَٰرًۭا وَأَفِْٔدَةًۭ فَمَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُمْ سَمْعُهُمْ وَلَآ أَبْصَٰرُهُمْ وَلَآ أَفِْٔدَتُهُم مِّن شَىْءٍ إِذْ كَانُوا۟ يَجْحَدُونَ بَِٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ ۝٢٦

So, O the idolators of Mecca, look at the people of ‘Ād: We had established them in ways (i.e., physically and politically) that We had not established you; and We granted them hearing, sight and minds. But they did not use these blessings in the right way, and so neither their hearing nor their sight nor their minds availed them anything because they used to deny the signs of Allāh, and finally, they were encompassed by the punishment that they used to mock.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:27

وَلَقَدْ أَهْلَكْنَا مَا حَوْلَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْقُرَىٰ وَصَرَّفْنَا ٱلَْٔايَٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَرْجِعُونَ ۝٢٧

We indeed destroyed the people of the towns that were around you, and We alternate the signs of guidance and chastisement so that they return to the true faith.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:28

فَلَوْلَا نَصَرَهُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ قُرْبَانًا ءَالِهَةًۢ ۖ بَلْ ضَلُّوا۟ عَنْهُمْ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ إِفْكُهُمْ وَمَا كَانُوا۟ يَفْتَرُونَ ۝٢٨

They should reflect: Why did not those whom they had taken, besides Allāh, as gods and as means of nearness to Allāh help them? Instead, their gods forsake them: it was their lie and what they had been fabricating.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:29

وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَآ إِلَيْكَ نَفَرًۭا مِّنَ ٱلْجِنِّ يَسْتَمِعُونَ ٱلْقُرْءَانَ فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوهُ قَالُوٓا۟ أَنصِتُوا۟ ۖ فَلَمَّا قُضِىَ وَلَّوْا۟ إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِم مُّنذِرِينَ ۝٢٩

A positive example of the community of Jinn: Remember when We turned towards you a group of jinn who used to listen to the Qur’ān; and when they were in its presence, they said to one another, “Be silent so that we can listen carefully!” And once its recitation was finished, they returned to their community as believers and warners.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:30

قَالُوا۟ يَٰقَوْمَنَآ إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا كِتَٰبًا أُنزِلَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ مُوسَىٰ مُصَدِّقًۭا لِّمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَهْدِىٓ إِلَى ٱلْحَقِّ وَإِلَىٰ طَرِيقٍۢ مُّسْتَقِيمٍۢ ۝٣٠

They said to their community of jinn who knew of Musa’s revelation: “O our people! We have indeed heard a Book, the Qur’ān, that has been sent down after Musa, confirming what is before it of the revelations, guiding to the truth and to a straight path for those who seek guidance.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:31

يَٰقَوْمَنَآ أَجِيبُوا۟ دَاعِىَ ٱللَّهِ وَءَامِنُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَغْفِرْ لَكُم مِّن ذُنُوبِكُمْ وَيُجِرْكُم مِّنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍۢ ۝٣١

O our people! Respond to Muḥammad, Allāh’s summoner, and believe in Him: He will forgive you some of your sins (i.e., before Islam) and protect you from a painful punishment.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:32

وَمَن لَّا يُجِبْ دَاعِىَ ٱللَّهِ فَلَيْسَ بِمُعْجِزٍۢ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَيْسَ لَهُۥ مِن دُونِهِۦٓ أَوْلِيَآءُ ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ فِى ضَلَٰلٍۢ مُّبِينٍ ۝٣٢

Whoever does not respond to Allāh’s summoner, he should know that he cannot frustrate Allāh on the earth, nor shall he have any protector, besides Him, in this world or the hereafter. Such people are in manifest error.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Conclusion

46:33

أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ وَلَمْ يَعْىَ بِخَلْقِهِنَّ بِقَٰدِرٍ عَلَىٰٓ أَن يُحِْۧىَ ٱلْمَوْتَىٰ ۚ بَلَىٰٓ إِنَّهُۥ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرٌۭ ۝٣٣

Do not they consider that verily Allāh, who has created the heavens and the earth and was not overwhelmed by their creation, is fully capable of reviving the dead? Yes, indeed; He has power over everything.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:34

وَيَوْمَ يُعْرَضُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ عَلَى ٱلنَّارِ أَلَيْسَ هَٰذَا بِٱلْحَقِّ ۖ قَالُوا۟ بَلَىٰ وَرَبِّنَا ۚ قَالَ فَذُوقُوا۟ ٱلْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ ۝٣٤

And on the day when those who disbelieve shall be exposed to the Fire, Allāh will ask them: “Is this not the truth that you used to reject?” They shall say, “Yes, by our Lord.” He shall say, “So taste the punishment because of what you used to disbelieve.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

46:35

فَٱصْبِرْ كَمَا صَبَرَ أُو۟لُوا۟ ٱلْعَزْمِ مِنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ وَلَا تَسْتَعْجِل لَّهُمْ ۚ كَأَنَّهُمْ يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَ مَا يُوعَدُونَ لَمْ يَلْبَثُوٓا۟ إِلَّا سَاعَةًۭ مِّن نَّهَارٍۭ ۚ بَلَٰغٌۭ ۚ فَهَلْ يُهْلَكُ إِلَّا ٱلْقَوْمُ ٱلْفَٰسِقُونَ ۝٣٥

So, O Muḥammad, be patient just as the ’Ulu ’l-‘Azm messengers were patient with their missions and do not seek to hasten the punishment for them. When they shall see what had been threatened with, it shall seem as if they had remained only an hour of a day. This is a message. So shall anyone be destroyed except the sinful people?S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

’Ulu ’l-‘Azm messengers refers to the five high-ranking prophets: Nuḥ, Ibrāhīm, Mūsa, ‘Isa and Muḥammad (peace be upon them). ’Ulu ’l-‘Azm means “those who possess resolution” and the resolution refers to the power of patience in all aspects of life.