Quran Study
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بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

The Qur’ān and the Quraysh

45:2

تَنزِيلُ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ ٱلْعَزِيزِ ٱلْحَكِيمِ ۝٢

This Qur’ān is a revelation of the Book, which is from Allāh, the Mighty, the Wise! (God is All-Wise, the Book is a book of wisdom, and the Messenger is the teacher of wisdom.)S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Signs of God’s Unity

45:3

إِنَّ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ لََٔايَٰتٍۢ لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ ۝٣

Surely, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, there are signs for the believers.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:4

وَفِى خَلْقِكُمْ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِن دَآبَّةٍ ءَايَٰتٌۭ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يُوقِنُونَ ۝٤

In your own creation too, and in whatever of animals that He spreads in the earth are signs for a people who have certainty.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:5

وَٱخْتِلَٰفِ ٱلَّيْلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ مِنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ مِن رِّزْقٍۢ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ ٱلْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَتَصْرِيفِ ٱلرِّيَٰحِ ءَايَٰتٌۭ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يَعْقِلُونَ ۝٥

In the alternation of the night and the day, and what Allāh sends down of sustenance from the sky in the form of rainclouds, and thereby revive the earth after its ‘death,’ and in the changing of the winds—are signs for a people who use reason to reflect on the reality of the universe.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Almighty Allāh says these signs are for “those who believe,” “those who have conviction,” and “those who use reason.” This indicates that we have to use our reason (‘aql), that will bring us to the level of conviction (yaqīn), and that will take us up to the level of belief (imān).

45:6

تِلْكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱللَّهِ نَتْلُوهَا عَلَيْكَ بِٱلْحَقِّ ۖ فَبِأَىِّ حَدِيثٍۭ بَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ وَءَايَٰتِهِۦ يُؤْمِنُونَ ۝٦

These are the verses that We recite to you with the truth. So what kind of statement would they believe in after Allāh and His signs?S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:7

وَيْلٌۭ لِّكُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍۢ ۝٧

Those Who Reject God’s Signs: Woe to every sinful liarS. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:8

يَسْمَعُ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُصِرُّ مُسْتَكْبِرًۭا كَأَن لَّمْ يَسْمَعْهَا ۖ فَبَشِّرْهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍۢ ۝٨

who hears the verses of Allāh being recited to him, yet he arrogantly persists as if he had not heard them at all. So, O Muḥammad, give him the ‘good news’ of a painful punishment.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:9

وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنْ ءَايَٰتِنَا شَئًْا ٱتَّخَذَهَا هُزُوًا ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌۭ مُّهِينٌۭ ۝٩

Some of them would attentively listen to the verses being recited: however, when he learns anything about Our verses, instead of using his reason to reflect upon them, he takes them as a joke. For such people is a humiliating punishment.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:10

مِّن وَرَآئِهِمْ جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَلَا يُغْنِى عَنْهُم مَّا كَسَبُوا۟ شَئًْۭا وَلَا مَا ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَوْلِيَآءَ ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ ۝١٠

Behind them is Hell catching up to them! And whatever they had earned of their wealth will not avail them in any way, nor what they had taken as guardians besides Allāh will help them. And for such people is a great punishment.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:11

هَٰذَا هُدًۭى ۖ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بَِٔايَٰتِ رَبِّهِمْ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌۭ مِّن رِّجْزٍ أَلِيمٌ ۝١١

This Qur’ān is guidance. And those who reject the signs of their Lord, for them, shall be a painful punishment due to their immoral abomination.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

More Signs of God’s Unity

45:12

۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ ٱلْبَحْرَ لِتَجْرِىَ ٱلْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِۦ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟ مِن فَضْلِهِۦ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ ۝١٢

Allāh is He who made the sea subservient to you so that the ships may sail in it by His creative will, and that you may seek of His other bounty from it such as power and electricity, and hopefully you will thank Him.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:13

وَسَخَّرَ لَكُم مَّا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًۭا مِّنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ فِى ذَٰلِكَ لََٔايَٰتٍۢ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ۝١٣

And He also made subservient to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth—all of it! In these blessings are indeed signs for the people who reflect.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:14

قُل لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ يَغْفِرُوا۟ لِلَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ أَيَّامَ ٱللَّهِ لِيَجْزِىَ قَوْمًۢا بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ ۝١٤

How to deal with those who disbelieve? Say to those who believe that they should ignore those who do not look forward to Allāh’s days (i.e., the Day of Judgement). After all, He will repay a people for what they were earning from their deeds:S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:15

مَنْ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحًۭا فَلِنَفْسِهِۦ ۖ وَمَنْ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ ۝١٥

whoever acts righteously, it is for his own benefit; and whosoever does evil, it is to his own detriment—you will finally be returned to your Lord.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:16

وَلَقَدْ ءَاتَيْنَا بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلْكِتَٰبَ وَٱلْحُكْمَ وَٱلنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَٰهُم مِّنَ ٱلطَّيِّبَٰتِ وَفَضَّلْنَٰهُمْ عَلَى ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ ۝١٦

An Example of the Ungrateful People: Certainly We gave the Children of Israel the Book, the Tawrāt, the judgement, prophethood, and provided them with all the good things, and preferred them over the nations of their time.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:17

وَءَاتَيْنَٰهُم بَيِّنَٰتٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلْأَمْرِ ۖ فَمَا ٱخْتَلَفُوٓا۟ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَهُمُ ٱلْعِلْمُ بَغْيًۢا بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِى بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا۟ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ ۝١٧

We also gave them manifest commands. Despite all these blessings, they did not differ among themselves except after knowledge had come to them; they differed out of envy among themselves. Indeed your Lord will judge between them on the day of Judgement concerning which they used to differ.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Sharī‘ah – the Path for Muslims

45:18

ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَٰكَ عَلَىٰ شَرِيعَةٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلْأَمْرِ فَٱتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَآءَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ۝١٨

Then We set you, O Muḥammad, upon a sharī‘ah (a clear course of law) by Our command; so follow it, and do not follow the whims of those who do not know.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Sharī‘ah literally means the path leading to the water where a person quenches his thirst. In Islamic terminology, sharī‘ah refers to the code of laws in Islam.

45:19

إِنَّهُمْ لَن يُغْنُوا۟ عَنكَ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَئًْۭا ۚ وَإِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَآءُ بَعْضٍۢ ۖ وَٱللَّهُ وَلِىُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ ۝١٩

And if you follow the whims of those who do not know, then remember that they will never protect you in any way against Allāh’s wrath. Indeed the wrongdoers are friends of one another, whereas Allāh is the friend and guardian of the righteous ones.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:20

هَٰذَا بَصَٰٓئِرُ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدًۭى وَرَحْمَةٌۭ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يُوقِنُونَ ۝٢٠

This Qur’ān and the sharī‘ah that emanates from it are means of insight for the people in general and a guidance and mercy for a people who have certainty.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:21

أَمْ حَسِبَ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱجْتَرَحُوا۟ ٱلسَّئَِّاتِ أَن نَّجْعَلَهُمْ كَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ سَوَآءًۭ مَّحْيَاهُمْ وَمَمَاتُهُمْ ۚ سَآءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ ۝٢١

Do those who do evil deeds think that We shall treat them just like those who have believed and do good deeds – in a way that their life and death will be equal? Evil is the judgement that they make!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:22

وَخَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلِتُجْزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍۭ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ ۝٢٢

Allāh has created the heavens and the earth with the truth; so that every soul may be recompensed for what it has earned – and they will not be dealt with unfairly.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:23

أَفَرَءَيْتَ مَنِ ٱتَّخَذَ إِلَٰهَهُۥ هَوَىٰهُ وَأَضَلَّهُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍۢ وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ سَمْعِهِۦ وَقَلْبِهِۦ وَجَعَلَ عَلَىٰ بَصَرِهِۦ غِشَٰوَةًۭ فَمَن يَهْدِيهِ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ ۝٢٣

Following One’s Desire: Have you seen the person who has chosen his desires for his god? Since he rebelled against God, God abandoned him based on knowledge: and so He sealed his ears and heart, and veiled his vision. Who will guide him after God? Will they, then, not take heed?S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

Resurrection and Day of Judgement

45:24

وَقَالُوا۟ مَا هِىَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا ٱلدُّنْيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحْيَا وَمَا يُهْلِكُنَآ إِلَّا ٱلدَّهْرُ ۚ وَمَا لَهُم بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ ۝٢٤

They, the unbelievers, said, “It’s only our worldly life—we shall die and live once only; nothing destroys us except ‘time’ (i.e., nature).” But they have no knowledge about this; they were only doing guesswork.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:25

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ ءَايَٰتُنَا بَيِّنَٰتٍۢ مَّا كَانَ حُجَّتَهُمْ إِلَّآ أَن قَالُوا۟ ٱئْتُوا۟ بَِٔابَآئِنَآ إِن كُنتُمْ صَٰدِقِينَ ۝٢٥

When Our clear verses are recited to them, their only argument was that they said, “Bring our forefathers back to life if you are truthful.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:26

قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُكُمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ ٱلنَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ۝٢٦

O Muḥammad, We don’t need to accept their demand; they are being stubborn. Just say to them: “It is Allāh who gives you life and causes you to die; then He will gather you on the day of resurrection in which there is no doubt.” The God who created you in the first place, it’s easy for Him to resurrect you! However, most people do not know.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:27

وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۚ وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ ٱلسَّاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَخْسَرُ ٱلْمُبْطِلُونَ ۝٢٧

After all, to Allāh belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. On the day when the Hour of Doom arrives, the deniers will lose.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:28

وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍۢ جَاثِيَةًۭ ۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍۢ تُدْعَىٰٓ إِلَىٰ كِتَٰبِهَا ٱلْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ۝٢٨

And you will see every nation fall on its knees. Every nation shall be summoned to its book of deeds: “Today, you will be recompensed for what you were doing.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:29

هَٰذَا كِتَٰبُنَا يَنطِقُ عَلَيْكُم بِٱلْحَقِّ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنسِخُ مَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ ۝٢٩

This is Our book, which speaks truly against you. Indeed We used to record what you were doing.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:30

فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ فَيُدْخِلُهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ فِى رَحْمَتِهِۦ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ ٱلْفَوْزُ ٱلْمُبِينُ ۝٣٠

As for those who believed and did good deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy—this is the clear success.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:31

وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوٓا۟ أَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ ءَايَٰتِى تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَٱسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَكُنتُمْ قَوْمًۭا مُّجْرِمِينَ ۝٣١

However, for those who disbelieved, it will be announced: “Were not My verses being recited to you? But you responded arrogantly, and so you became a guilty people.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:32

وَإِذَا قِيلَ إِنَّ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقٌّۭ وَٱلسَّاعَةُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا قُلْتُم مَّا نَدْرِى مَا ٱلسَّاعَةُ إِن نَّظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنًّۭا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُسْتَيْقِنِينَ ۝٣٢

O you who disbelieve, when it is said: “Allāh’s promise of the life in the hereafter is indeed true, and that there is no doubt about the Hour of Doom,” you said: “We don’t know what the Hour is. We know nothing but conjectures, and we are not convinced.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:33

وَبَدَا لَهُمْ سَئَِّاتُ مَا عَمِلُوا۟ وَحَاقَ بِهِم مَّا كَانُوا۟ بِهِۦ يَسْتَهْزِءُونَ ۝٣٣

The evil deeds they had done will appear to them on the Day of Resurrection, and they will be besieged by what they used to ridicule.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:34

وَقِيلَ ٱلْيَوْمَ نَنسَىٰكُمْ كَمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَآءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَٰذَا وَمَأْوَىٰكُمُ ٱلنَّارُ وَمَا لَكُم مِّن نَّٰصِرِينَ ۝٣٤

And it will be said to them: “Today, We will forget you just as you forgot your today’s appointment. Your abode is the Fire, and you will not have any helpers.”S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:35

ذَٰلِكُم بِأَنَّكُمُ ٱتَّخَذْتُمْ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ هُزُوًۭا وَغَرَّتْكُمُ ٱلْحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۚ فَٱلْيَوْمَ لَا يُخْرَجُونَ مِنْهَا وَلَا هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ ۝٣٥

This is your punishment because you took the signs of Allāh as a mockery, and the worldly life deceived you.” So today, after being condemned to the Fire, they will not be brought out of it, nor will any excuse be accepted from them.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

The Conclusion

45:36

فَلِلَّهِ ٱلْحَمْدُ رَبِّ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَرَبِّ ٱلْأَرْضِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ ۝٣٦

So all praise belongs to Allāh, the Lord of the heavens and the Lord of the earth—in short, the Lord of the universe!S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)

45:37

وَلَهُ ٱلْكِبْرِيَآءُ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ ۝٣٧

And to Him belongs greatness in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Almighty, the Wise.S. M. Rizvi (Explanatory)